​​Why do the Formula One Tyres do not have Tread/Grip?

The tires without treads are called slicks. Having no treads increases the surface area of the tire in contact with the asphalt. More surface area equates to more grip. And bigger, fatter tires means grip like no other thing. The level of grip however varies for different compounds. Harder the tire compound, better is the longevity, and higher is the time taken to get the tires to the best grip levels. 

Exactly opposite for the softer compounds. From 2018 season there are 8 compounds for the slick tires which would be available depending on the circuit.

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